7 Things You Can Do When Your Customers Refuse to Pay on Time On-time payments are vital to the health of your business.

On-time payments are vital to the health of your business. But inevitably, you'll run into at least one customer who consistently fails to pay on time. If it continues to become a problem it's on you to take proactive action and correct the situation.

You'll have many options in your arsenal to deal with it.

Why on-time payments are important

First, let's cover why this is an important matter in the first place. Who cares if your customers fail to pay on time late occasionally?

• Cash flow. The first and most important impact here is on your company's cash flow. If you're not getting income consistently or predictably, you could find yourself unable to make your own payments on time. More than total revenue, cash flow is an indicator of your business's ability to succeed. In fact, it's possible for a business to close its doors due to a cash flow shortage even if it's technically profitable on paper. Staying on top of your invoices, and taking corrective action when you aren't getting on-time payments, is one of the most reliable strategies to keep your cash flow firmly positive.
• Books. Invoice payments are also important for keeping your books in order, especially with month-end and year-end closes. Submitted invoices are often counted as revenue, but if that revenue isn't there, your reports could be inaccurate. This may not matter to a small business that's just starting out. However, if you're reporting to investors board of directors, or the public, you'll have some extra explaining to do.
• Reputation. Accepting late payments could damage your reputation and expose you to future issues. For example, your clients may become more lackadaisical on payments and orders if you build this reputation.
• Compounding problems. All of these problems get worse over time. So the longer you wait to fix the situation the more consequences you're going to face. For example, when a customer learns they can delay payments, they'll make it a habit whether deliberately or subconsciously. As your books become more tangled month to month, it will become harder to predict or chart your overall progress.

Strategies to improve timely payments

Fortunately, there are a variety of strategies you can employ if you find yourself consistently unable to get payments from your customers on time:

1. Tighten your invoicing process.

Your first step is to audit your invoicing process. Chances are, something is wrong with it. If you don't have an invoicing process fully documented and in place, that should be the first place you start. Beyond that you'll need to be consistent about when you issue invoices and how your departments communicate. Additionally terms and conditions as well as late penalties should be clearly defined. Without a follow-up process in place, your invoices will easily get lost or ignored. There are two steps to this process; first, make sure that your procedures make sense on paper. Do you have firm protocols in place, or are your employees just supposed to wing it? Then, monitor and engage with your employees to make sure they're following that on-paper process in real-time. If they're not consistent with their implementation, it could compromise your results.

2. Issue formal warnings.

If your customer is more than a few days past due, it's a good idea to issue a formal warning. You can start with an email giving the client a friendly reminder of how they can pay. If that doesn't work, you can use follow-up emails, letters and phone calls in succession to follow up on payment. If necessary, you can also warn your client about legal action if the invoice remains unpaid. These are important for several reasons. Most importantly, they'll resolve innocent mistakes (the client simply forgot), and will put pressure on the business to make a full payment.

3. Change terms for your best (and worst) customers.

If you have specific problematic customers, or specific customers who always pay on time, consider choosing different terms for payment. For example, if client's habitually pay late, then you can consider changing the terms for those clients. Additionally you'll also need to consider if and how you penalize late payments. Some states do have a strict limit on how much of a late fee you can charge, so make sure to do your research; otherwise, an annual interest rate of no more than 10 percent will likely keep you well within those restrictions.

4. Accept more types of payments and plans.

Some clients will be unable or unwilling to pay on time simply because of their circumstances. They may be struggling with cash flow, or are so bombarded with work, they forget to pay their invoices in a timely manner. Luckily this can be easily solved by offering alternative payment plans. For example, you might split one big invoice into three or four smaller invoices, or set up a weekly installment plan. If you can, have an open, honest chat with your client about why they're not making timely payments; if you can discover the root cause, it will be far easier to find a solution.

5. Use factoring.

If you're in a tight spot, and your changes aren't yet taking effect, you can pursue a strategy known as factoring. The process is pretty simple; you'll look for a factoring company that can provide you factoring services, and you'll "sell" those companies your unpaid or past due invoices for a fixed amount, usually a specific percentage less than the full amount owed. The factoring company will pursue the client for payment, and you'll get to walk away with the cash. This isn't a good long-term fix, since you'll be losing money and chasing your customers almost constantly, but it's a good way to get past a rough cash flow patch.

6. Fire problematic clients.

If you have a selection of clients who are constantly frustrating to deal with, you should consider firing them altogether. If you're a young company that's struggling with income, it may seem like a waste of revenue -- but you're not getting that revenue steadily anyway. If a customer has ceased all forms of contact, this firing process will be easy -- they'll probably be expecting your services and/or communication to cease. Otherwise, you'll need to have a direct, straightforward conversation about

7. Take legal action.

If you've exhausted all other options then you may want to consider legal action. Collect as much information as you can on the engagement and contact a lawyer to discuss the possibilities. Depending on the amount owed, it may not be worth your time and money to chase down the late payment, so weigh your options carefully before proceeding.

General tips for success

If you want to be successful with any of these strategies, you'll need to follow these tips at a minimum:

• Document everything. You'll want a paper trail if you have to confront your client about missing payments. You may also need one if you ever need evidence in a legal situation. Document everything you can, including your phone calls.
• Automate whatever you can. Invoicing is tough to do manually. That said, take efforts to make every step of your invoicing and follow-up strategy automated by software. This mitigates the risk of human error interfering with the process.
• Be polite, but persistent. Politeness is an underrated strategy in ensuring invoice payment. When reaching out via email or phone, avoid using harsh or accusatory language. Instead, start a conversation and learn what you can about the client's circumstances.
• Focus on internal, then external. Before implementing punitive measures or dealing with clients externally, focus on what you can do to improve your own business and processes.

Chronic late payments are a problem that many businesses eventually face. Fortunately, with a few strategic changes, and a commitment to revising your approach, you should have no trouble restoring your invoicing process to what it used to be.

(By Peter Daisyme)